{"id":6627,"date":"2024-11-07T16:22:54","date_gmt":"2024-11-07T16:22:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/demosite\/?p=6627"},"modified":"2025-06-11T16:23:26","modified_gmt":"2025-06-11T13:23:26","slug":"diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes","title":{"rendered":"\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u0397 \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0398\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u03a0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">\u0395\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #592742;color:#592742\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #592742;color:#592742\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#Abstract\" >\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#The_birth_of_diabetes_surgery\" >\u0397 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#Established_Bariatric-Metabolic_Surgery_procedures\" >\u0398\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#Diabetes_surgery_Better_diabetes_outcomes_by_gastrointestinal_by-pass_procedures\" >\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#Diabetes_surgery_evidence_of_body_weight-independent_anti-diabetic_effects_after_gastrointestinal_surgeries\" >\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#IEarly_postoperative_remission_of_type_2_diabetes_mellitus\" >I.\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#II_Greater_diabetes_resolution_with_gastric_by-pass_induced_body_weight_loss_than_with_equivalent_body_weight_loss_from_other_interventions\" >II. \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#III_Diabetes_remission_after_proximal_intestinal_by-pass_in_lean_subjects\" >III. \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#IV_Diabetes_remission_after_gastrectomies_in_non-obese_patients\" >IV. \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#What_hypotheses_explain_the_direct_effect_of_diabetes_remission_in_diabetes_surgery\" >\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#The_anti-incretin_theory_behind_the_discovery_of_diabetes_surgery\" >\u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#Diabetes_Surgery_Is_the_gut_the_%E2%80%98key_for_the_treatment_of_diabetes\" >\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \"\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\" \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#%CE%A4he_anti-incretin_theory_as_a_source_of_inspiration_for_our_own_theory_on_diabetes_surgery\" >\u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae \u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/blog\/diabetes-surgery-treatment-type-2-diabetes\/#Conclusions_and_comments\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Abstract\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0391\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf, \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2. \u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \"\u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\", \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd L-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf GLP-1, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u03b2) \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd\", \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 T2DM.<\/p>\n<p class=\"translation-block\">\u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u0392\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u00ab<strong>\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong>\u00bb. \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_birth_of_diabetes_surgery\"><\/span><strong>\u0397 \u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7!<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf 1995, \u03bf \u0394\u03c1 Pories \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf-\u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf: \"\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc; \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bb\u03af\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd\" (1). \u0395\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae, \u03bf Pories \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f Pories \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b5: \"\u039f \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03b6\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2\". \u0388\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd -\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1-\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2- \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Established_Bariatric-Metabolic_Surgery_procedures\"><\/span><strong>\u0398\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c8\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9:<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0391. \u03a1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 (AGB), <\/strong>\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 1990, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03ac\u03ba\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.  \u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae \u03c1\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 (2, 3) (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. \u0391).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0392.\u0397 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd (SG) \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 <\/strong>\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 2005. \u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc, \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b9. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 (3, 4) (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. \u0392).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-9253 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/established-bariatric-metabolic-surgery-procedures.webp\" alt=\"\u0398\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2\" width=\"1280\" height=\"619\" srcset=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/established-bariatric-metabolic-surgery-procedures.webp 1280w, https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/established-bariatric-metabolic-surgery-procedures-300x145.webp 300w, https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/established-bariatric-metabolic-surgery-procedures-1024x495.webp 1024w, https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/established-bariatric-metabolic-surgery-procedures-768x371.webp 768w, https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/established-bariatric-metabolic-surgery-procedures-18x9.webp 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>C.<a href=\"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/clinical-trial-vagus-sx\/\"> \u0393\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 Roux-en-Y (RYGB)<\/a>, <\/strong>\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf 1967 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 (3, 5). \u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u0334 95 % \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. \u0393).<\/p>\n<p><strong>D. \u03a7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae (BPD)<\/strong>, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf 1979, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c0\u03c9 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9 (3, 6). \u0397 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03cc, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf, \u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03c5\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03cd), \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \"\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\" \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 (\u0395\u03b9\u03ba. \u0394).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diabetes_surgery_Better_diabetes_outcomes_by_gastrointestinal_by-pass_procedures\"><\/span><strong>\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc <\/strong><strong>\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0391\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2. \u039f \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9: BPD &gt; RYGB&gt;SG &gt; AGB. \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf 2022, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd (7).<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \"Bariatric Surgery Center of Excellence Program\" \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <a href=\"https:\/\/asmbs.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0391\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u0395\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u0392\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2,<\/a> \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2: \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd 23.106 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 12 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 (28%), \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b9 52%. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 RYGB \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 BPD \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (62% \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 74%, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1) (8). \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 (9) \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 (10), \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 3 \u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 8 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 (11-13).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diabetes_surgery_evidence_of_body_weight-independent_anti-diabetic_effects_after_gastrointestinal_surgeries\"><\/span><strong>\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03b4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7. \u03a0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9, \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd\". \u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IEarly_postoperative_remission_of_type_2_diabetes_mellitus\"><\/span><strong>I.\u03a0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2<\/strong>.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 Pories et al, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd 330 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2! \u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 240 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 (\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7) \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 30% \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd (14). \u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Rubino et al, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 3 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 (\u0394\u039c\u03a3) \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (15). \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd (-\u03c9\u03bd) \u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"II_Greater_diabetes_resolution_with_gastric_by-pass_induced_body_weight_loss_than_with_equivalent_body_weight_loss_from_other_interventions\"><\/span><strong>II. \u039c\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 Lee \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd. \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd 60 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc by-pass \u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b9, \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc by-pass, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03be\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 (16). \u039f\u03b9 Pattou et al. \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 10%, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2. \u0391\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae by-pass \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 (49% \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 25%, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1). \u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 GLP-1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae by-pass (17, 18).<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 Laferrere et al (19) \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 10 kg, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 GLP-1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"III_Diabetes_remission_after_proximal_intestinal_by-pass_in_lean_subjects\"><\/span><strong>III. \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 Rubino \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd. \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (20). \u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7, \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae \u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 (7). \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03b6\u03c9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03c5\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 (21). \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5-\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u0394\u039c\u03a3 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 24kg\/m2 (22, 23). \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae-\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (\u0394\u039c\u03a3: 24kg\/m<sup>2<\/sup>) \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (24).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IV_Diabetes_remission_after_gastrectomies_in_non-obese_patients\"><\/span><strong>IV. \u038e\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ae \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae! \u0397 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7! \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 Zhu \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd. \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 292 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae, \u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc 30 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 90%, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 (77% \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 29%, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1). \u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c6\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 90%. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u0394\u039c\u03a3 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf 22kg\/m<sup>2<\/sup>, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac (25).<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Lee \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd. \u03ad\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 75% \u03c3\u03b5 5\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd (67,2% \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 49,5%, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1). \u0397 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 50% (26).<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1-\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 1424 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd: \u0391. \u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.  \u0392. \u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7. \u0393. \u0397 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd 1 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae (27).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_hypotheses_explain_the_direct_effect_of_diabetes_remission_in_diabetes_surgery\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0394\u03cd\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd -\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7- \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 (28). \u03a3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \"\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\" (\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \"\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\" \u03ae \"\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\"), \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd L-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd (29). \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 L \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c0\u03c9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03bb\u03cc, \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf GLP-1, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 L-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 GLP-1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 (30). \u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 GLP-1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7; \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03af\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf GLP-1 (\u03ae \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5) \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\", \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \"\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2\" \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \"\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\", \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2. \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae\/\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03ae\u03c6\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 (21, 31).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_anti-incretin_theory_behind_the_discovery_of_diabetes_surgery\"><\/span><strong>\u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \"\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2\". \u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd Rubino \u03c4\u03bf 2002 (32) \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac (31), \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c9\u03bb\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\" \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\" \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03b6\u03b5 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03bd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2\", \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2-\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 T2D.  \u0397 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03af\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd), \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03c7\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03ba\u03b9) \u03ae, \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd (\u03c0.\u03c7. \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc by-pass) \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2\/\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diabetes_Surgery_Is_the_gut_the_%E2%80%98key_for_the_treatment_of_diabetes\"><\/span><strong>\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7: \u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf <\/strong><strong>'\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af<\/strong><strong>' \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf 2014, \u03bf Rubino \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03af\u03c4\u03bb\u03bf \"\u0395\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \"\u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\" \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7;\".  \u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03bf, \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03c6\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cd\u03c6\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf-\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 (20). \u0397 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03cd\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5-\u03b9\u03b3\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03c0\u03b1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7! \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af -\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd- \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4he_anti-incretin_theory_as_a_source_of_inspiration_for_our_own_theory_on_diabetes_surgery\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9<\/strong><strong>-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae \u03ad\u03bc\u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7. <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\" \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 <em>\"\u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\" <\/em>\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 <em>\"\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2\" <\/em>(33). \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03be\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 - \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf - \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \"\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2\". \u03a3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 (7), \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 CCK \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ac\u03c6\u03b8\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c9\u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b4\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b6\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b4\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u0390\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1: \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7, \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03bf\u03be\u03ad\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03be\u03ad\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0392\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03af\u03bc\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac, \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7\u03b4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7. \u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bb\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03be\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03be\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2-\u03ba\u03c5\u03c4\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03cd\u03c4\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c6\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b9\u03bd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusions_and_comments\"><\/span><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03ba\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03ce\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2 (34). \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 20 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0398\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 (35).<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc\u03b6\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \"\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\" \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9-\u03b9\u03bd\u03ba\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 (7). \u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03c8\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 2.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Abstract Several research studies have showed that the significant improvement or even remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus\u00a0 after bariatric-metabolic surgical procedures, especially those involving by-passing of food from the proximal intestine, is due to mechanisms beyond body weight loss and food restriction. \u03a4wo models have been put forward to explain the weight-independent antidiabetes mechanisms [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6781,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[30,33,2,24,4,35,27,32,36,34],"class_list":["post-6627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diabetes-surgery-history","tag-bariatric-surgery","tag-body-mass-index","tag-diabetes","tag-diabetes-mellitus-type-2","tag-diabetes-remission","tag-gastrointestinal-by-pass","tag-glycemic-control","tag-hyperglycemia","tag-insulin","tag-sleeve-gastrectomy"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6627"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9255,"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6627\/revisions\/9255"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6781"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/diabetes.surgery\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}